滚筒采煤机截齿安装角的角位特性分析

截齿截割安装角直接影响着滚筒采煤机工作时的截割阻力,因此准确安装截齿方位非常重要。介绍了该安装角在滚筒上的空间位置,建立了安装角与滚筒以及截齿空间参数之间的数学模型,分析了截齿安装时的几何约束特性。     

Toward an understanding of how red phosphorus and expandable graphite enhance the fire resistance of expandable polystyrene foams

Flame retardant expandable polystyrene (EPS) foams were prepared by coating method. Red phosphorus (RP) and expandable graphite (EG) were chosen as the flame retardants to be coated on the surface of expanded PS beads. By the presence of 33 phr RP/EG with a mass ratio of 1:1, the limiting oxygen index of EPS foam could reach up to 26.9%, with V-0 rating obtained in UL-94 test. The peak heat release rate could also decrease to 180.67 kW/m², which was 72.9% lower than that of neat EPS sample. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed an obvious increase of thermal stability and residue char amount by the presence of RP and EG. From the observation and analysis of char residue, it could be proposed that there existed a significant synergistic effect between RP and EG. RP could be oxidized and further react with graphite by the presence of oxygen at high temperature, forming isolated char layer and releasing nonflammable gases. Moreover, P radicals were generated at high temperature and could capture the radicals formed during the combustion of polystyrene and eliminate the burning chain reactions.     

Application of ultrasound treatment for modulating the structural,functional and rheological properties of black bean protein isolates

The modulating effect of ultrasound treatments at varying powers and times on the structural and functional properties of black bean protein isolate (BBPI) was investigated. Compared with native BBPI, low-power (150 W) and medium-power (300 W) ultrasound treatments increased the solubility, foaming and emulsifying properties of BBPI, especially at 300 W, 24 min. This effect arises predominantly due to increased exposure of hydrophobic groups, which serve to increase the interactions between the protein and water molecules. Additionally, an increase in the protein surface activity improved the absorption of protein molecules at the oil–water and air–water interfaces. Rheology data showed that increased hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions improved the water-holding capacity of BBPI gels following ultrasound treatment. However, high-power (450 W) ultrasound treatment weakened the functional properties of BBPI, and this was likely due to the formation of macromolecular BBPI aggregates. Overall, this study indicates that ultrasound treatment could be a promising approach for modulating other plant protein resources as well as expanding the application of black bean protein.     

改进ILoG算子的故障检测方法

针对强背景噪声干扰下轮对轴承故障特征微弱、难以准确检测的问题,提出了一种自适应改进高斯拉普拉斯(improved Laplacian of Gaussian,简称ILoG)算子的微弱故障检测方法。ILoG算子滤波器具有优良的信号突变特征检测能力,将其用于轮对轴承故障信号的冲击特征检测,同时利用水循环算法(water cycle algorithm,简称WCA)的寻优特性,并行搜寻筛选最佳的ILoG算子影响参数,通过对参数优化后ILoG算子滤波后信号做进一步包络解调分析,提取出轮对轴承微弱的故障特征信息。对实际轮对轴承外圈和内圈故障信号分析的结果表明,该方法可以有效检测出轴承微弱故障特征频率,故障检测效果优于小波阈值和多尺度形态学差值滤波方法。     

低阶煤颗粒-气/油泡间的诱导时间研究

为表征低阶煤颗粒-气/油泡间矿化过程的差异,通过Sutherland理论下固体颗粒进入泡沫产品的总概率(E)和浮选速率常数(k)之间关系,并结合低阶煤颗粒-气/油泡的浮选速率试验,求得了低阶煤颗粒-气/油泡间的诱导时间。浮选实验研究表明,在相同的捕收剂消耗量下低阶煤-油泡浮选产率均高于低阶煤-气泡浮选产率。诱导时间测试表明,低阶煤颗粒-油泡间的诱导时间(35 ms)要明显低于低阶煤颗粒-气泡间的诱导时间(93 ms)。上述实验结果表明,油泡表面的疏水性要强于传统浮选气泡表面的疏水性。然而,进一步利用Sutherland理论中固体颗粒进入泡沫产品的总概率和浮选速率常数之间的数学关系,并结合低阶煤颗粒-气/油泡的浮选速率试验求得的低阶煤颗粒-气/油泡间的诱导时间分别为9.67和8.46 ms,其与诱导时间测试仪分别测量的诱导时间差异很大。这主要是由于在实际浮选过程中气/油泡的上升速度分别为23.26和22.68 cm/s,其远高于2015EZ型诱导时间仪测试过程中气/油泡碰撞速度(2.0 cm/s)。因此,诱导时间理论计算表明气泡-颗粒间的碰撞速度对颗粒-气泡间的诱导时间影响很大。上述研究结果表明油泡浮选效果优于传统浮选的内在原因在于低阶煤颗粒-油泡间的诱导时间小于低阶煤颗粒-气泡间的诱导时间。     

通过RRLC-Q-TOF MS和UPLC-QQQ MS分析原人参三醇型皂苷在人肠道菌群中的代谢产物

通过高分离度快速液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(RRLC-Q-TOF MS)和超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-QQQ MS)法对原人参三醇型皂苷Re、Rg 1、Rg 2、Rh 1、Rf、F 1、R 1在人肠道菌群中的转化产物进行定性、定量分析,确定原人参三醇型皂苷的代谢产物、转化途径和60 h时的转化率。结果表明,人参皂苷Re的转化产物为人参皂苷Rg 1、Rg 2、Rh 1、F 1和PPT,转化率为91%;人参皂苷Rg 1的转化产物为人参皂苷Rh 1、F 1和PPT,转化率为80%;人参皂苷Rg 2的转化产物为人参皂苷Rh 1和PPT,转化率为73%;人参皂苷Rh 1和F 1主要通过PPT代谢,转化率分别为82%和81%;人参皂苷Rf的转化产物为人参皂苷Rh 1和PPT,转化率为89%;三七皂苷R 1的转化产物为人参皂苷Rg 1、R 2、Rh 1和PPT,转化率为79%。原人参三醇型皂苷类成分可被人肠道菌群代谢,主要通过丢失糖残基形成转化产物,而次级皂苷和苷元是人参在体内发挥药理作用的物质基础。     

国内外帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验方法的介绍

围绕国内外帘线钢盘条的夹杂物检验方法，对国内外4种主要典型帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验方法进行了详细介绍及比较，了解了4种检验方法的技术特点，总结了帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验方法的核心要点，尤其对这4种检验方法中所涉及的试样取样面积、夹杂物的类型名称、光学显微镜下不同类型夹杂物的特征形貌进行了识别，阐明了做好帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验和质量控制的价值和意义。     

不同弧电流对AlCrBN涂层结构和性能的影响

目的 提高涂层刀具在高速工况下的切削寿命。方法 利用电弧离子镀技术在高速钢试样块和刀具表面制备不同弧电流（60、80、100 A）的AlCrBN涂层。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、轮廓仪、洛氏压痕仪、划痕仪、显微硬度计、球盘摩擦磨损试验仪和切削试验对涂层的微观结构和性能进行研究分析。结果 AlCrBN涂层的物相成分为固溶的fcc-(Cr,Al)N相以及少量的CrB2和fcc-BN相。随着AlCrB靶弧电流由60 A增至100 A，表面粗糙度Sq值由197 nm增至208 nm，Sa值由107 nm增至113 nm；显微硬度由3574HK0.05先增至3890HK0.05，再降至3209HK0.05；结合强度Lc2由57 N增至63 N，再降至55 N，均呈现先增后减的趋势。不同弧电流制备的AlCrBN涂层的磨损率依次为0.69×10-15、0.38×10-15、0.84× 10-15 m3/(N?m)，涂层的磨损机理均为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损。切削结果显示，AlCrBN涂层刀具在切削速度VC为60 m/min和191 m/min条件下的切削寿命均高于AlCrN涂层刀具，且80 A条件下制备的AlCrBN涂层刀具切削寿命均最长，分别为9 m和6 m。切削速度60 m/min条件下的磨损机理：初期为磨粒磨损，中期为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损，后期为粘着磨损。切削速度191 m/min条件下的磨损机理：初期和中期为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损，后期为粘着磨损。结论 AlCrBN涂层刀具与AlCrN涂层刀具相比，切削性能更加优越，并且80 A条件下制备的AlCrBN涂层的综合性能最优。     

闸片材料参数与制动盘温度关系

闸片材料参数不仅关系到摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能,也是影响制动盘温度分布的一个重要因素。采用ADINA软件,建立列车制动盘和闸片的三维热机耦合有限元模型,在制动速度100 km/h、压力0.538 MPa和惯量23 kg·m2条件下,研究闸片材料热膨胀系数、弹性模量、热传导系数对制动盘温度和接触压力的影响。结果表明:当闸片热膨胀系数从0.5×10-5 K-1增大到2.5×10-5 K-1时,制动盘峰值温度升高8.4%,最大接触压力增大47%,闸片热膨胀系数的增大加剧接触压力分布不均匀程度而使制动盘温度变化明显;弹性模量增大9倍,接触压力的分布对弹性模量不敏感,弹性模量对盘面温度影响不明显。闸片热传导系数增大7倍,制动盘峰值温度下降4.3%,热传导系数增大,加快热量的扩散速度使制动盘峰值温度降低,该研究结论可为高速列车闸片材料的开发提供参考。